Following are some of the most commonly used Linux/Unix commands which I have to use at times while managing hosted sites on my and client’ server. Making a list for my own personal reference and ease. Someone may also find it useful.
Check os version in Linux
cat /etc/os-release
lsb_release -a
hostnamectl
cat /proc/version
Find Linux kernel version
uname -r
Change Directory
cd /home/admin/
Permissions
CHOWN
chown -R admin:admin Locale
chmod on folders/files
find /var/www -type d -exec sudo chmod 2775 {} + find /var/www -type f -exec sudo chmod 0664 {} +
Remove (only) files recursively
By file type
find . -name “*.pyc” -exec rm -rf {} \;
Remove all files
find . -type f -exec rm -rf {} \;
Zip file including hidden files
zip 1.zip * .[^.]*
Remove files from zip archive
zip -d gallery.zip “picture_43_9.jpg”
Delete All files/folders of a certain group
find . -group mygroup -exec rm -fr {} \;
GIT checkout to a folder
cd /home/admin/myrepo.git && git fetch 2>&1
GIT_WORK_TREE=/home/admin/mysitefolder/public_html git checkout -f [branch]
chown -R admin:admin
/home/admin/mysitefolder/public_html
Run cron every minute to hit an url
1 * * * * curl –request GET ‘http://url_to_hit
Edit Crontab
crontab -e
Generate RSA Key Pair
ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generate a private key
openssl genrsa 2048 > your_private_key_name.pem
Generate CSR with private key
openssl req -new -key your_private_key_name .pem -out your_csr_name.pem
RSA Config Private Key
Host bitbucket.org
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/bitbucket_rsa
To find or Search a string in files
grep -rnw ‘/path/to/somewhere/’ -e ‘string_to_search’
Adding the SSH-Keychain fingerprint
ssh-keyscan -H github.com >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
MySQL Export/Import
To export db to sql file
mysqldump -u username -p DBNAME > filename.sql
To export and zip in a single command
mysqldump -u username -p DBNAME | zip > db.zip
To import sql to db
mysql -u username -p -h localhost DATA-BASE-NAME < data.sql
To enable/Link a virtual host on apache
sudo ln -s /etc/httpd/sites-available/default.conf /etc/httpd/sites-enabled/default.conf
Restart Apache and PHP on centos 7
systemctl restart httpd.service systemctl restart php-fpm.service
Apache on NetBSD
/etc/rc.d/apache start /etc/rc.d/apache stop
To know the process id of a service
netstat -nlp | grep :8080
To run React/Node app continuously on Linux server
npm start > stdout.txt 2> stderr.txt &
To get the summary of a grand total disk usage size of an directory
du -sh /home/devarticles
Extract tar.gz on NetBsd
tar xfzv archive.tar.gz
Show file permissions in numerical format
stat -c '%A %a %n' /path/to/folder # * for current folder
To Set an additional user the rwx rights to a folder
setfacl -m u:username:rwx myfolder
